Family PENAEIDAE Rafinesque, 1815

Museums

Regional Maps

• Penedia Rafinesque, C.S. 1815. Analyse de la nature, ou tableau de l'univers et des corps organises. Palermo (Italy) : Privately Published 224 pp. [Date published April to July] [98] [original spelling; as Penedia; name in the corrected spelling, Penaeidae, Name No. 308 on the Official List of Family-Group Names in Zoology, see International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1955. Direction 15. Correction of an erroneous entry on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology relating to the generic name Penaeus (emend. of Peneus) Weber, 1795 (Crustacea, Order Decapoda) (correction of an error in Opinion 104). Opinions and Declarations rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1C(5): 67–80 (70)].

  Type genus:

   Penaeus Weber, 1795.

  Secondary source:

   International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1955. Direction 15. Correction of an erroneous entry on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology relating to the generic name Penaeus (emend. of Peneus) Weber, 1795 (Crustacea, Order Decapoda) (correction of an error in Opinion 104). Opinions and Declarations rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1C(5): 67-80.
• Parapenaeinae Ortmann, A.E. 1898. Gliederfüssler: Arthropoda. in Dr. H. G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreichs Vol. 5(2), Crustacea, Malacostraca, (47–52) [Systematik] pp. 1057–1168. [1120] [Name No. 308 on the Official List of Family-Group Names in Zoology, see International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1961. Opinion 611. Parapenaeus S.I. Smith, 1885 (Crustacea, Decapoda); validation under the Plenary Powers and interpretation of Peneus membranaceus Risso, 1816. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 18(5): 306–308 (307)].

  Secondary source:

   International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1961. Opinion 611. Parapenaeus S.I. Smith, 1885 (Crustacea, Decapoda); validation under the Plenary Powers and interpretation of Peneus membranaceus Risso, 1816. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 18(5): 306-308.
• Funchaliae Bouvier, E.L. 1908. Crustacés décapodes (Pénéides) provenant des campagnes de l'Hirondelle et de la Princesse-Alice (1886–1907). Résultats des Campagnes Scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco 33: 1-122 pls 1-16 [6].
• Haliporae Bouvier, E.L. 1908. Crustacés décapodes (Pénéides) provenant des campagnes de l'Hirondelle et de la Princesse-Alice (1886–1907). Résultats des Campagnes Scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco 33: 1-122 pls 1-16 [6].

• Pérez Farfante, I. & Kensley, B. 1997. Penaeoid and sergestoid shrimps and prawns of the world. Keys and diagnoses for the families and genera. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris [1936-1950] 175: 1-233 [67]

Introduction

This family includes most of the commercially important prawn species fished in Australia.

Pérez Farfante & Kensley (1997) provided a revisionary work on the genera and a key to genera. There has been some controversy over their generic treatment, in particular their splitting of Penaeus sensu lato into six genera, and Trachypenaeus sensu lato into three genera. Baldwin et al. (1998) were the first to publish an analysis of Pérez Farfante & Kensley's (1997) taxa. These authors analysed 13 species in the six recognised subgenera, and found that the subgeneric assignments did not reflect evolutionary partitions within Penaeus. Maggioni et al. (2001) were critical of the results of Baldwin et al. (1998) reporting that the earlier paper had been partially based on misidentifications. Working on western Atlantic species only, they found there was support for the clades Farfantepenaeus and Litopenaeus of Pérez Farfante & Kensley. However, because of the limited nature of these studies, monophyly or otherwise of Penaeus sensu lato wasl not resolved. Conversely, Gusmao et al. (2000), using both nuclear (allozymes) and mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase subunit 1) data to compare species of south-western Atlantic penaeids, found Farfantepenaeus to be polyphyletic, thus supporting the conclusions of Baldwin et al. (1998). De Greve & Fransen (2011) catalogued all Penaeus in one genus. More recently, Chan (2023) erected new subgenera in a system that is followed here.

A major work summarising what is known of the biology of Australian Penaeidae is that of Dall et al. (1990). Dall (1991) provided a thorough analysis of zoogeographical patterns. Important taxonomic works in relation to Australian Penaeidae include: Dall (1957); Racek & Dall (1965); Grey et al. (1983).

Excluded Taxa

Misidentifications

PENAEIDAE: Parapenaeopsis Alcock, 1901 — Sakai, K. & Shinomiya, S. 2011. Preliminary report on eight new genera formerly attributed to Parapenaeopsis Alcock, 1901, sensu lato (Decapoda, Penaeidae). Crustaceana 84(4): 491-504

Diagnosis

Body typically shrimp-like; integument soft, stiff but not rigid. Rostrum elongate, blade-like with dorsal and sometimes ventral teeth. Postorbital spine absent; with 3 or more postrostral teeth postrostral teeth. With at least 3 branchiae on some thoracic somites, at least 11 on each side. Prosartesma (mesial process on antennule article 1) well-developed.

Diagnosis References

Poore, G.C.B.,& Ahyong, S.T. 2023. Marine decapod Crustacea. A guide to families and genera of the World. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing pp. 928.

General References

Baldwin, J.D., Bass, A.L., Bowen, B.W. & Clark, W.H. 1998. Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the marine shrimp Penaeus. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 10: 399-407

Dall, W. 1957. A revision of the Australian species of Penaeinae (Crustacea Decapoda: Penaeidae). Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 8(2): 136-230 figs 1-29

Dall, W. 1991. Zoogeography of the Penaeidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 31: 39-50

Dall, W., Hill, B.J., Rothlisberg, P.C. & Staples, D.J. 1990. The biology of the Penaeidae. Advances in Marine Biology 27: 1-489

De Grave, S. & Fransen, C.H.J.M. 2011. Carideorum Catalogus: The recent species of the Dendrobrachiate, Stenopodidean, Procarididean and Caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda). Zoologische Mededelingen (Leiden) 85(9): 195-589, figs 1-59

Grey, D.L., Dall, W. & Baker, A. 1983. A Guide to the Australian Penaeid Prawns. Darwin : Northern Territory Government Printing Office 140 pp. 51 colour pls.

Gusmão, J., Lazoski, C. & Sole-Cava, A.M. 2000. A new species of Penaeus (Crustacea: Penaeidae) revealed by allozyme and cytochrome oxidase I analyses. Marine Biology, Berlin 137(3): 435-446

Pérez Farfante, I. & Kensley, B. 1997. Penaeoid and sergestoid shrimps and prawns of the world. Keys and diagnoses for the families and genera. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris [1936-1950] 175: 1-233

Racek, A.A. & Dall, W. 1965. Littoral Penaeinae (Crustacea Decapoda) from northern Australia, New Guinea and adjacent waters. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen [Verh. Akad. Amsterdam] 56(3): 1-119 figs 1-16 pls 1-13

History of changes